珠光体、磷共晶对球墨铸铁性能的影响
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<P><STRONG>因素</STRONG></P></TD>
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<P align=center><STRONG>影响及说明</STRONG></P></TD></TR>
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<P>珠光体形态</P></TD>
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<P>珠光体愈弥散，即片层愈薄愈细，强度、硬度愈高，愈抗疲劳，愈耐磨</P>
<P>珠光体粒化，可以降低硬度至HB305,提高韧度至<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">a</SPAN><SUB><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">k</SPAN></SUB>34.52J／㎝<SUP><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">2</SPAN></SUP>,提高耐磨性，改善可加工性</P></TD></TR>
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<P>珠光体量</P></TD>
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<P>珠光体愈多，强度、硬度愈高。珠光体量对稀土镁球墨铸铁的影响如下：</P></TD></TR>
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<P>珠光体量（％）</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=114 colSpan=2>
<P>抗拉强度<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">σ</SPAN><SUB><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">b</SPAN></SUB><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">/</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">MPa</SPAN></P></TD>
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<P>伸长率<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">δ<SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">%</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)</SPAN></P></TD>
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<P>硬度HB</P></TD></TR>
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<TD vAlign=top width=196>
<P>＜10</P></TD>
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<P>392~490</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=114 colSpan=2>
<P>12~25</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=114 colSpan=2>
<P>159~163</P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD vAlign=top width=196>
<P>10~20</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=114 colSpan=2>
<P>411~510</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=114 colSpan=2>
<P>12~22</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=114 colSpan=2>
<P>163~179</P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD vAlign=top width=196>
<P>20~30</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=114 colSpan=2>
<P>490~549</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=114 colSpan=2>
<P>8~15</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=114 colSpan=2>
<P>174~187</P></TD></TR>
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<TD vAlign=top width=196>
<P>30~40</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=114 colSpan=2>
<P>510~569</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=114 colSpan=2>
<P>6~7.5</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=114 colSpan=2>
<P>179~217</P></TD></TR>
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<TD vAlign=top width=196>
<P>40~50</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=114 colSpan=2>
<P>539~618</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=114 colSpan=2>
<P>4.5~6.5</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=114 colSpan=2>
<P>217~235</P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD vAlign=top width=196>
<P>50~60</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=114 colSpan=2>
<P>569~637</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=114 colSpan=2>
<P>3.5~5.5</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=114 colSpan=2>
<P>223~241</P></TD></TR>
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<TD vAlign=top width=196>
<P>60~70</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=114 colSpan=2>
<P>686~785</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=114 colSpan=2>
<P>2~4.5</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=114 colSpan=2>
<P>241~269</P></TD></TR>
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<TD vAlign=top width=196>
<P>70~80</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=114 colSpan=2>
<P>686~804</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=114 colSpan=2>
<P>1.7~4.0</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=114 colSpan=2>
<P>250~280</P></TD></TR>
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<TD vAlign=top width=196>
<P>80~90</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=114 colSpan=2>
<P>706~834</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=114 colSpan=2>
<P>1.5~3.8</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=114 colSpan=2>
<P>262~290</P></TD></TR>
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<TD vAlign=top width=196>
<P>＞90</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=114 colSpan=2>
<P>735~883</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=114 colSpan=2>
<P>1.5~3.5</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=114 colSpan=2>
<P>269~302</P></TD></TR>
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<TD vAlign=top width=537 colSpan=7>
<P>注：楔形试块，球化级别＞4级，石墨球径0.02～0.04㎜</P></TD></TR>
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<P>磷共晶</P></TD>
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<P>磷共晶量（％）</P></TD>
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<P>0.5</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=57>
<P>1.0</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=57>
<P>1.2</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=57>
<P>1.5</P></TD>
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<P>2.0</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=57>
<P>2.5</P></TD></TR>
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<P> <SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">σ</SPAN><SUB><SPAN lang=EN-US>b</SPAN></SUB><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">/</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>MPa</SPAN></P></TD>
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<P>755</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=57>
<P>775</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=57>
<P>735</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=57>
<P>696</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=57>
<P>637</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=57>
<P>608</P></TD></TR>
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<TD vAlign=top width=196>
<P> <SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">δ<SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>%</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">)</SPAN></P></TD>
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<P>3.0</P></TD>
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<P>2.2</P></TD>
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<P>2.0</P></TD>
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<P>2.0</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=57>
<P>1.2</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=57>
<P>0.8</P></TD></TR>
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<TD vAlign=top width=196>
<P> <SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">a</SPAN><SUB><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">k</SPAN></SUB><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">J</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">／㎝</SPAN><SUP><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">2</SPAN></SUP><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）</SPAN></P></TD>
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<P>39.2</P></TD>
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<P>29.4</P></TD>
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<P>24.5</P></TD>
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<P>19.6</P></TD>
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<P>17.7</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=57>
<P>9.8</P></TD></TR>
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<P>注：珠光体80％～90％，冲击试样10㎜×10㎜×55㎜</P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
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