球墨铸铁中石墨对性能的影响
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<P align=center><STRONG>因素</STRONG></P></TD>
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<P align=center><STRONG>影响及说明</STRONG></P></TD></TR>
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<P>球化率</P></TD>
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<P>球化率愈高，力学性能愈好。球化级别于性能的关系如下：1～3级（球状+团球状），性能变化不大；4级（出现团片状），性能下降；4、5级以下（出现厚片状），性能大幅度下降。小能量多次冲击韧度变化如下：1～3级，变化不大；4级,有较大降低；5级及以下，大幅度下降，厚石墨片分散分布优于聚集分布</P></TD></TR>
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<P>石墨大小</P></TD>
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<P>球径愈小，力学性能愈好。其性能如下：</P></TD></TR>
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<P>石墨球径／㎜</P></TD>
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<P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">σ</SPAN><SUB><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">b</SPAN></SUB>/MPa</P></TD>
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<P>δ(%)</P></TD>
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<P>HB</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=162 colSpan=2>
<P><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">a</SPAN><SUB><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">k</SPAN></SUB><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">J</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">／㎝</SPAN><SUP><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">2</SPAN></SUP><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）</SPAN></P></TD></TR>
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<P>0.05～0.11</P>
<P>0.04～0.08</P>
<P>0.04～0.06</P></TD>
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<P>677</P>
<P>736</P>
<P>785</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=81>
<P>1.1</P>
<P>1.9</P>
<P>2.1</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=81>
<P>262</P>
<P>269</P>
<P>277</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=162 colSpan=2>
<P>11.3</P>
<P>18.1</P>
<P>27.9</P></TD></TR>
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<P>石墨数量</P></TD>
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<P>石墨球愈多，铁素体愈多，降低强度、疲劳强度、硬度，提高塑性，如下所列：</P></TD></TR>
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<P>石墨球数／（个／㎜2）</P></TD>
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<P>60～70</P></TD>
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<P>70～80</P></TD>
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<P>80～90</P></TD>
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<P>90～100</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=81>
<P>110～120</P></TD></TR>
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<P>铁素体量（％）</P></TD>
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<P>15</P></TD>
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<P>15～20</P></TD>
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<P>20～25</P></TD>
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<P>40～50</P></TD>
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<P>60～70</P></TD></TR>
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<P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">σ</SPAN><SUB><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">b</SPAN></SUB>/MPa</P>
<P>δ(%)</P>
<P>HB</P></TD>
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<P>715</P>
<P>3.2</P>
<P>286</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=81>
<P>723</P>
<P>2.6</P>
<P>273</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top width=81>
<P>678</P>
<P>3.5</P>
<P>201</P></TD>
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<P>610</P>
<P>4.3</P>
<P>191</P></TD>
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<P>526</P>
<P>6.5</P>
<P>180</P></TD></TR>
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<P>注：含V0.24%~0.37%,Ti0.11%~0.15%</P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
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