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HEATS 发表于 2010-9-13 22:04:49

PowerMILL后处理

对于后处理格式，一般的用户有三个层次的需求： <BR><BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 一、powermill自带的后处理中有适合自己机床要求的，不过要修改、增删些代码。 <BR><BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 二、没有适合的，需要改写后处理。 <BR><BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 三、机床的代码格式完全与普通G代码格式不同，需建全新的后处理。 <BR><BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;本文只针对1、2种需求来进行讲解，至于第三种则是高级篇的范畴了（哈哈，其实我也不知道，还没做过呢） <BR>&nbsp; <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;现在开始准备工作： <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 1、以不同的控制器试着处理几个G代码文件出来，然后和自己机床的代码进行比较，选一个最接近自己的。 <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 2、打开ductpost\dp-index.html,准备有问题就看帮助。 <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 3、运行：ductpost -w [控制器类型] > [控制器类型].opt ,从而生成OPT文件，这个选最接近你机床的控制器。如：ductpost -w hurco > hurco.opt 。 这时就可以用文本编辑器来打开这个opt文件了： <BR><BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;1、程序头、程序尾的改写： <BR><BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 这个在以下的定义里面： <BR><BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;define block tape start <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;******************** <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;end define <BR><BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;define block tape end <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;******************* <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;end define&nbsp;<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;你可以根据自己的需要添加，如：&nbsp;<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; define block tape start <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; "%" <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;N ; "G17G90G80G40G49" <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; end define <BR><BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; define block tape end <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;N ; "M05" <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;N ; "M30" <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;end define <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 不过注意这种引号方法优点是简单明了，但控制器只是把它当字符处理，而不能以模态存在，具体可参见其它说明。 <BR><BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2、是否需要N行号？&nbsp;<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;% <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;:0001 <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;N10G28G91X0Y0Z0 <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;N30T1M6 <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;N40G0G90X-25.Y-40.S800 M3 <BR><BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;如这上面的N10、N30、N40，另外行号的起始、增量、最大都可以定义。如果不想要行号，可修改为以下值：&nbsp;<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; define format ( N ) <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;not permanent <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;end define <BR><BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 3、是否需要Message？&nbsp;<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;N60( MSG, Toolpath Name: ET) <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;N70( MSG, xyzxyz_cut_1 ET) <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;N80( MSG, Output: ET) <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;N90( MSG, UNITS: MILLIMETRES ET) <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;N100( MSG, TOOL COORDINATES: TIP ET) <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;N110( MSG, LOAD TOOL ET)&nbsp;<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 上面的信息，可修改为你需要的，具体参见帮助。也可选择不输出，如： <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; message output = false <BR><BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;4、圆弧的输出格式： &nbsp; &nbsp;<BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;这个需要讲一下，输出R的就不讲了，专讲I、J、K的输出。大致有三大类： <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; a、I、J输出为圆心的绝对坐标值。 <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; b、I、J输出为相对坐标值，具体值为：圆心坐标值-圆弧始点坐标（常用） <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; c、I、J输出为相对坐标值，具体值为：圆弧始点坐标-圆心坐标值 &nbsp; <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 所以这个就要看你机床格式来具体设置了，修改以下值为你所需： <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; incremental centre = true （相对，反之false绝对） <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;相对有两种，所以： <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;scale factor = 1 或 -1 <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;另外有些机床不能输出360度的圆弧，这时需要将其分为几段输出： <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;full circle = false <BR><BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 5、换刀的格式： <BR><BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 如：<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; define block tool change first <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; N ; OP ; change tool ; T ToolNum <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; N ; "G48" <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; N ; G1 0 ; Z FromZ <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; end define <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;里面可自己添加你的机床换刀时所需的代码，如打开刀具长度补偿。 <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;6、快速运动、直线运动、圆弧运动的代码： <BR><BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 参见： <BR><BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;define block move circle <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;N ; G1 ; G2 ; G3 ; X ; Y ; Z ; I ; J ; K ; F ; D <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;end define <BR><BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; define block move linear <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;N ; G1 ; G2 ; G3 ; G5 ; G6 ; X ; Y ; Z ; ; T ; S ; <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;M1 ; M2 <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; end define <BR><BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; define block move rapid <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; N ; G1 ; G2 ; G3 ; G5 ; G6 ; X ; Y ; Z ; T ; S ; <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; M1 ; M2 <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; end define <BR><BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 你也可在帮助文件的指引下，修改上面的代码，如：不想要每次输出G17之类，可以删掉G3。。。当然修改前要了解清楚该代码是做什么的，另外注意备份，随时恢复。 <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;7、多轴： <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;powermill这点做的非常好，如4轴的几种方式、5轴的几种方式都有代码可参考。如：在X轴加一个圆盘A，只需添加、修改以下几行：<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Fourth rotary table axis :- ( A. rotating about X. ) <BR><BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; define format ( A ) <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;decimal point = true <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;decimal places = 3 <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;end define <BR><BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;word order = ( + A ) <BR><BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;define keys <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;azimuth axis not used <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;elevation axis = A <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;end define <BR><BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;spindle elevation rotation = false ## Default <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;elevation units = degrees <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;elevation axis direction = positive <BR><BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;azimuth axis parameters = ( 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. ) <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;elevation axis parameters = ( 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. ) <BR><BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;define block move rapid <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; N ; G1 ; G2 ; G3 ; G6 ; X ; Y ; Z ; A ; H ; M1 ; M2 <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;end define <BR><BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; define block move linear <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;N ; G1 ; G2 ; X ; Y ; Z ; A ; F ; M1 ; M2 <BR>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; end define
               

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